Modern Turkey is the heart of one of the earliest human settlements. Starting from the advent of Greeks, it was later colonized by Romans and renamed Constantinople, a name whose fame spread far and wide. It then became the capital as well as the centre of trade of the next conqueror, the Ottoman Empire, in the middle of the 15th century.
The reason for this history lesson is that Turkey is a country that just resonates with history and culture. Despite its modernity, Turkey still maintains semblances of all the empires that once ruled it. The art and architecture and culture are amalgamations of different eras with the strongest influence being the Byzantine (Roman) and Ottoman rule. You might not be able to witness the eras it once did, but you can certainly take a step back in time by learning about the historical and cultural significance of modern day Turkey.